Albania
15%
23%
20%
Andorra
10%
10%
4.5%
Armenia
18%
22%
20%
Austria
25%
55%
20% (reduced rates 10% + 13%)
Belgium
25%. For SME (small and medium enterprises) 20% on the first 100,000€ profit
50% (excluding 13.07% social security paid by the employee and also excluding 32% social security paid by the employer)
21% (reduced rates of 6% and 12%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
10%
10%
17%
Bulgaria
10%
40.8% (10% income tax + additional 12.9% by the employee for social security contributions, i.e. health insurance, pension and unemployment fund); and additional 17.9% by the employer for various social security contributions)
20% (reduced rates 9%)
Croatia
18% (reduced rate 12% for small business)
40% (excluding 35.2% total sum of insurances levied on income)
25% (reduced rates 13% + 5%)
Cyprus
12.5%
35%
19% (reduced rates 5% + 9%)
Czech Republic
19%
53.5% (15% income tax + 6.5% by employee + 25% by employer (2.3% healthcare + 21.5% social security + 1.2% state policy of employment) + 7% solidarity contribution (assuming income is above 1 277 328 CZK per year))
21% (reduced rates of 15% and 10%)
Denmark
22%
56% (including 8% social security paid by the employee but excluding 0.42–1.48% church tax imposed on members of the national Church of Denmark)
25% (reduced rate 0% on transportation of passengers and newspapers normally published at a rate of more than one issue per month)
Estonia
20% on distributed profit. 14% on regular distribution. 0% on undistributed profits
57.8% (20% income tax + 2.4% of unemployment insurance tax, 0.8% paid by employer, 1.6% paid by employee and 33% social security which is paid before gross wage by employer), around 57.8% in total
20% (reduced rate 9%)
Finland
20%
67% to 25% depending on the net income and municipality, including 7.8% social insurance fees, employee unemployment payment and employer unemployment payment |
24% (reduced rate of 14% for groceries and restaurants, 10% for books, medicine, transport of passengers and some others)
France
30% (including social contributions)
49% (45% + 4% for annual incomes above 250,000€ for single taxpayers or above 500,000€ for married couples) + social security and social contribution taxes at various rates, for example 17.2% for capital gains, interests and dividends.
20% (reduced rate of 10%, 5.5%, 2.1% and 0% for specific cases like some food, transportation, cultural goods, etc.)
Germany
22.825% (few small villages) to 32.925% (in Munich) depending on the municipality. This includes the 15% CIT, 5.5% solidarity surcharge plus the trade tax payable to the municipality.
47.475% which includes 45% income tax and 5.5% solidarity surcharge based on the total tax bill for incomes above 256,304€. The entry tax rate is 14% for incomes exceeding the basic annual threshold of 9,000€.
19% (reduced rate of 7% applies e.g. on sales of certain foods, books and magazines, flowers and transports)
Georgia
15% (0% for Virtual Zone Companies or Free Industrial Zone entity)
20% (Special tax rates for Small Businesses are applied following approval of the Small Business Status: 1%, On turnover up to 500,000 GEL per year, Or 3%, applied to the portion of gross revenue that exceeds 500,000 GEL.)
18%
Greece
24%
65.67% (45% for >40,000€ + 7.5% Solidarity Tax for >40000€ + 26.95% Social Security for employees or up to 47.95% for private professionals)
24% (reduced rates 13% and 5%)
Hungary
9%
43.16% (employee: 33.5% of gross salary; employer: 17% in addition to gross salary (15.5% Social Tax, 1.5% Training Fund Contribution)
27% (reduced rates 18% and 5%)
Iceland
20%
36.94% from 0-834,707 and 46.24% over 834,707 kr
24% (12% reduced rate)
Ireland
12.5% for trading income, 25% for non-trading income
40% over 34,550€ for single, 42,800€ for married taxpayers. Plus USC (Universal Social Charge) 4.5% on income up to 50,170€ and 8% on balance. Social insurance 4%
23%
Isle of Man
0%
20% plus national insurance of under 12.8%
20% (reduced rate of 5% for home energy and renovations, 0% for life necessities - groceries, water, prescription medications, medical equipment and supplies, public transport, childrens clothing, books and periodicals)
Italy
27.9% (24% plus 3.9% municipal)
45.83% (43% income tax + 2.03% regional income tax + 0.8% municipal income tax)
22% (reduced rates 10%, 5%, 4%)
Latvia
20% on distributed profit. 0% on undistributed profits. 15% on small businesses
20% (income tax), 35.09% (social insurance), total up to 55.09%
21% (reduced rates 12% and 0%)
Liechtenstein
12.5%
28% (max. 8% national and 20% municipal income tax) plus 4% of the taxpayer net worth is subject to the same rate as wealth tax. 0% on capital gains.
7.7%/2.5%
Lithuania
15% (5% for small businesses)
44.27% (effective tax rates: 34.27% social insurance (nominally it is 1.77% payable by employer + 19.5% payable by employee + from 1.8% to 3% optional accumulation of pence), 20% income)
21% (reduced rates 5%, 9%)
Luxembourg
24.94% (commercial activity); 5.718% on intellectual property income, royalties.
45.78% (42% income tax + 9% solidarity surcharge calculated on the income tax)
17% (reduced rates 3%, 8%, 14%)
North Macedonia
10%
37% (includes income tax 10%, mandatory state pension 18%, mandatory public health insurance 7.3%, mandatory unemployment insurance 1.2%, mandatory personal injury insurance 0.5%)
18%
Malta
35% (6/7 or 5/7 tax refunds gives an effective rate of 5% or 10% for most companies)
35% (additional 10% by the employee for social security contributions, i.e. health insurance, pension and education); and additional 10% by the employer for various social security contributions)
18% (reduced rates 5%, 7% and 0% for life necessities - groceries, water, prescription medications, medical equipment and supplies, public transport, childrens education fees)
Monaco
0% (>75% revenue within Monaco) or 33.33%
-
-
Montenegro
9%
12.65% (11% income tax + 15% of the income tax bill to the municipality)
21%
Netherlands
25% above 200,000€ of profit and otherwise 16.5%
49.5% (excluding discount for incomes up to 98,604€)
21% (reduced rate of 9% and 0% for some goods and services)
Norway
22%
46.4% (53.0% including 14.1% social security contribution by employer. All taxes include 8.2% pension fund payments).
25% (reduced rate of 15% for groceries, and 10% for transport and culture)
Poland
19% (reduced rate 9% for small business)
17% up to 120,000 zł, 32% above 120,000 zł (~25,000 euro)
23% (reduced rates of 5% and 8%)
Portugal
21% + 3 to 9% depending on profit
48% + 5% solidarity surcharge + 11% social security (paid by the employee) + 23.75% (social security paid by the company)
23% (reduced rates 13% and 6%)
Romania
Revenue <1m€: 1% of all sales, revenue >1m€: 16% on profit
Employee: 41.5% - Gross incomes below RON 3,600 benefit from personal deductions of up to RON 1,310 from taxable income, employer: 2.25% (compulsory work insurance)
19% (reduced rates of 9% and 5%)
Serbia
15%
52%
20% (10% reduced rate)
Slovakia
21%
50% (income tax 19% + 25% for the part of annual income >35,022.31€; additional contributions at 4% mandatory health insurance by employee and 10% by employer, 9.4% Social Security by employee and 25.2% by employer)
20% (10% reduced rate)
Slovenia
19%
50%
22% (reduced rate 9.5%)
Spain
25%, 4% in the Canary Islands
45% maximum Income tax rate. Not including employee contribution of 6.35% Social Security tax, 4.7% pension contribution tax, 1.55% unemployment tax, 0.1% worker training tax. Not including employer contribution of 23.6% Social security tax, 5.5% unemployment tax, 3.5% (or more) workers comp tax, worker training tax .06%, 0.2% FOGASA tax (employment tax in case of company bankruptcy).
21% (reduced rates 10% and 4%)
Sweden
22%
55.5% (not including payroll taxes of 31.42%)
25% (reduced rates 12% and 6%)
Switzerland
16.55%
22.5% (Kanton Zug, Gemeinde Walchwil) to 46% (Kanton Geneve), average rate 34%. These taxes do not include social security that is private and not income-based
7.7%/2.5%
United Kingdom
19%
47% (45% income tax + 2% NI) - theoretically, NI could reach 12%, but in practice it is never combined with the higher income tax rate
20% (reduced rate of 5% for home energy and renovations, 0% for life necessities - groceries, water, prescription medications, medical equipment and supplies, public transport, childrens clothing, books and periodicals)